Documents from the SIAIP Commissions

Issue 3 - 2026

ChatGPT and similar tools in Pediatric Allergology and Immunology: allies or “false friends”?

Authors

Edited by the SIAIP New Digital Technologies Commission , Stefano Pattini , Mario Barreto , Maria Antonia Brighetti , Denise De Franco , Auro Della Giustina , Alessandro Di Menno Di Bucchianico , Alessandra Gori , Ifigenia Sfika , Alessandro Travaglini , Salvatore Tripodi

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Chatbot, ChatGPT, Allergology and Immunology
DOI: 10.53151/2531-3916/2026-2736
Publication Date: 2026-09-30

Summary

Allergy management is undergoing a significant transformation thanks to advances in diagnostic tools, precision medicine, and digital health technologies. Predictive models based on artificial intelligence (AI) allow more accurate and personalized diagnosis; more specifically, AI-based chatbots have shown significant potential in various medical fields, improving patient engagement, diagnostic accuracy, and personalized treatment plans. However, even during these initial years of use, certain critical issues have emerged, particularly regarding the handling of sensitive patient data, as well as informational hallucinations, confirmation bias and inconsistent responses to similar inputs; therefore, it is advisable for regulatory authorities to adopt policies governing the use of AI through interdisciplinary collaboration among AI developers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, aimed at ensuring the implementation of AI in clinical practice with increasing accuracy. Ultimately, if used responsibly, AI-based chatbots can significantly improve clinical practice, including in the fields of Allergology and Immunology.

References

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Authors

Edited by the SIAIP New Digital Technologies Commission - SIAIP New Digital Technologies Commission

Stefano Pattini - Private Practice, Modena, Italy

Mario Barreto - NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Pediatric Unit Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Maria Antonia Brighetti - Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

Denise De Franco - Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

Auro Della Giustina - Private Practice, Parma, Italy

Alessandro Di Menno Di Bucchianico - Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy

Alessandra Gori - Department of Mother-Child, Urological Science, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Ifigenia Sfika - Private Practice, Rome, Italy

Alessandro Travaglini - Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

Salvatore Tripodi - Allergology Service, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Copyright

Copyright (c) 2026 Italian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

How to Cite
SIAIP New Digital Technologies Commission, E. by the, Pattini, S., Barreto, M., Brighetti, M. A., De Franco, D., Della Giustina, A., Di Menno Di Bucchianico, A., Gori, A., Sfika, I., Travaglini, A., & Tripodi, S. (2026). ChatGPT and similar tools in Pediatric Allergology and Immunology: allies or “false friends”?. Italian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 40(3). https://doi.org/10.53151/2531-3916/2026-2736
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